History : ABA made for Schizophrenia/ID to NDBI made for Autism
ABA was not originally created for autistic children. It was first developed through animal research and later applied to psychiatric patients with schizophrenia and intellectual disability in 1959.12 Decades later, in the 1960s, Ivar Lovaas adapted it for autistic children with the stated goal of helping them become "indistinguishable from their peers," often recommending up to 40 hours a week of structured, adult-directed drills.4 While the field has evolved in many settings, some families in 2025 are still offered models that feel repetition-heavy and compliance-focused.3 In 2015, a group of autism researchers — including scientists from Seattle Children's Hospital — published a landmark paper formally defining Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBI).5 This was not a rebrand, but a shift: integrating behavioral science with developmental psychology to design support specifically for autistic children, grounded in play, motivation, relationships, and everyday routines.56910
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